Drug Study
Drug study Sangobion: Anti emetic Indications : Anemia Moa: It replenishes iron stores in the body and corrects hemoglobin deficit by increasing hemoglobin levels A/E: GI upset NC: Administer with meals, teach client breathing techniques, monitor hemoglobin count. Domepridone : Motillium (anti dopamionergic) Indications: patient has gastric tube Moa: Stimulates gastrointestinal by acting as a competitive antagonist at dopamine D2 receptor, inhibits gastrointestinal motility, reduces gastric and esophageal sphincter. A/E: dizziness, constipation, leg crampsNC: administer before meal, stay with client , observe for signs of A/E Metoclopromide: ( Anti emetic) Indication: Gatric tube Moa: Dopamine antagonist that acts by increasing sensitivity to acetylcholine, results in increase motility of the upper GI tract and relay action of the pyloric sphincter and duodenal bulb. A/E: Restlessness, drowsiness, fatigue, nausea , headache NC: Stay with the patient, Monitor for fluid replacement incase of vomiting, Secure patients safety.
Fluorouracil is a drug that is a pyrimidine analog which is used in the treatment of cancer.It works through noncompetitive inhibition of thymidylate synthase. Due to its noncompetitive nature and effects on thymidine synthesis, 5-FU is frequently referred to as the “suicide inactivator”. It belongs to the family of drugs called antimetabolites. It is typically administered with leucovorin. Moa: As a pyrimidine analogue, it is transformed inside the cell into different cytotoxic metabolites which are then incorporated into DNA and RNA, finally inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by inhibiting the cell’s ability to synthesize DNA.
It is an S-phase specific drug and only active during certain cell cycles.In addition to being incorporated in DNA and RNA, the drug has been shown to inhibit the activity of the exosome complex, an exoribonuclease complex of which the activity is essential for cell survival. A/E: Side effects include myelosuppression, mucositis, dermatitis, diarrhea and cardiac toxicity. NC: Regulate properly, monitor vital signs and remind client to complete cycle. Carboplatin Drug type: Carboplatin is an anticancer drug (“antineoplastic” or “cytotoxic”) chemotherapy drug. Carboplatin is classified as an “alkylating agent.
” What Carboplatin Is Used For: • Carboplatin is used to treat ovarian cancer. Carboplatin is also used for other types of cancer, including lung, head and neck, endometrial, esophageal, bladder, breast, and cervical; central nervous system or germ cell tumors; osteogenic sarcoma; and as preparation for a stem cell or bone marrow transplant. Note: If a drug has been approved for one use, physicians may elect to use this same drug for other problems if they believe it may be helpful. How Carboplatin Is Given: • Carboplatin is usually given by infusion into a vein (intravenous, IV).• Carboplatin can also be given intra-peritoneal, directly into the peritoneal cavity in the abdomen.
The amount of Carboplatin you receive depends on many factors, including your height and weight, your general health or other health problems, and how your body responds to it. Your doctor will determine your dose and schedule. Carboplatin Side Effects: Important things to remember about the side effects of Carboplatin: • Most people do not experience all of the side effects listed. • Side effects are often predictable in terms of their onset and duration. • Side effects are almost always reversible and will go away after treatment is complete.
• There are many options to help minimize or prevent side effects. There is no relationship between the presence or severity of side effects and the effectiveness of Carboplatin. • The side effects of Carboplatin and their severity depend on how much of Carboplatin is given. In other words, high doses may produce more severe side effects). Moa: Cancerous tumors are characterized by cell division, which is no longer controlled as it is in normal tissue. “Normal” cells stop dividing when they come into contact with like cells, a mechanism known as contact inhibition.
Cancerous cells lose this ability. Cancer cells no longer have the normal checks and balances in place that control and limit cell division.The process of cell division, whether normal or cancerous cells, is through the cell cycle. The cell cycle goes from the resting phase, through active growing phases, and then to mitosis (division). The ability of chemotherapy to kill cancer cells depends on its ability to halt cell division.
Usually, the drugs work by damaging the RNA or DNA that tells the cell how to copy itself in division. If the cells are unable to divide, they die. The faster the cells are dividing, the more likely it is that chemotherapy will kill the cells, causing the tumor to shrink. They also induce cell suicide (self-death or apoptosis).
