Literature Review Industrialization
This case study will cover the way industrialization has changed society. It will issues the social, economical and technological changes along with the key changes and how society perceives what work is. In addition it will discuss how society has gone from producing to consuming, how we shopped years ago opposed to now and how this has changed our lives. Literature Review Industrialization: Industrialization has transformed the way societies have produced products required to meet societies needs.
It has transformed many social institutions such as work, family, social bonds and education. In addition the biggest impact of industrialization Nas the change from gathering and cultivating to manufacturing which has rustically improved productivity and wealth. Rhea major social, economic and technological change was the Industrial Revolution between the sass’s and sass’s in Great Britain, spreading through Europe, United States, Japan and Australia between sass’s and sass’s. Industrialization processes dominate factory-based manufacturing and the use of mechanical aid.
This marked the end of agricultural economy to mass production and mass consumption economy germen,J, 2007 peg 365).
In pre-industrial society, life revolved around agriculture, hunting and gathering. Nor was not conformed by time but by the Four Seasons of the year and the availability of natural sunlight. Once the harvest was completed people no longer Nortek until the next harvest time (Germen, J, 2007 peg 366). Erne main key changes brought by industrialization are: Dominance of factory production and mass consumption. Specialized division of labor.
Norse relocating to cities rime orientated production changing from task oriented work. Change social order from feudalism to capitalism. In today’s society the social view of Work is primarily given to paid employment and is monitored by government policies, employer associations and unions. Work in today’s odder society is difficult to define, simply because it can be constituted as leisure or for every day living. Sports for highly talented people for example, are classified as Nor whereas for others they see it as leisure.
Although most people would associate paid employment as work many do fall under unpaid work for example, household, Salutary and self improvement (higher education) Just to name a few are forms of Nor. The most accurate definition provided by Richard Hall is “work is the effort or activity of an individual that is undertaking for the purpose of providing goods or revives of value to others and that is considered by the individual to be Nor” (Germen, J, 2007 peg 367-368).
Work is the main focus on today’s modern society, gender has no preference over who is the main bread winner opposed to the old Nay, where men were the main bread winners and the wives were the career for the home and children (Germen, J, peg 370). Another impact of industrialization in the workforce is repetitive labor, according to the assembly line invented by Henry Ford, who argued that the majority of the Norfolk would rather do the same Job on a daily basis without having to think, or SE their initiative or creativity.
Marxist Harry Brakeman argued that tailors is the dominant philosophy in today’s labor force, where managers establish written work procedures to accommodate their way of planning and instruct how work is to be done. Decision making by workers is non-existent, and in today’s modern world it has gone to the extreme of monitoring the employees not over a working day or hour but n seconds. This standard is used by the Toyota Company; however it is not a pattern of intensification of work only confined to the car industry, but remains evident throughout the global economy.
Francis Green states that modern work has come under increased and unwelcome control from above, leaving employees with less influence over their daily lives and less fulfilling then before (Allen, K 2011 peg 45-46).
Rhea alienation from products has become more evident in today’s modern world, Inhere the links between producers and products has been detached due to large factories. Employees that produce for the global market are unable to use what they create. A prime example is third world countries that produce products such as clothing and toys are unable to afford them because of the low incomes they receive.
Opposed to the early sass’s where land was the key to the economy, farmers control small plots to provide for their families giving a percentage to their lords and what Nas left was dispensed as they saw fit (Allen, K, 2011 peg 47). Consumption: Consumption has progressed as a major indicator and source of showing one’s identity. In today’s society children, teenagers and even adults believe that by consuming expensive brands of fashion such as Nikkei and Rebook along with many Others; this proves who they are.
This proves to be sad as it doesn’t show who someone is and in addition people are being killed for their belongings (Outlander, R, 990). A greater emphasis has grown in society from production to consumption; it is now a major social practice in our everyday life. Youth slogans such as ‘Born to Shop’, ‘Shop till you drop’ and ‘I am what I consume’ has made it the number one social activity Nations,J, Plummet, K 2012 peg 525). Throughout societies history the common way to shop was done through open air markets.
With the arrival of large department stores and the emphasis on advertising, it has now become an easier way to shop in the one location.
In addition having larger department stores and easier access to different commodities, we can owe access and buy products such as food, clothing and any major electrical appliances along with many others. As quoted by Macaroni and Plummet, “are we driven to consume through our needs and choices, or are we perhaps driven to consume through the manipulation of our needs”.
The question now is we being brainwashed by all the advertising to belong and fit in with today’s society way of consumption? Commodities are strictly dominated by large brands for example, Nikkei, Aids, McDonald’s, Sony and Coca Cola Just to name a few. These brands are not Just a brand anymore but have become their unique identities, and due to promoting and advertising, it is now worth billions of dollars. Rhea dominance of these big brands has become global.
Society nowadays knows their names due to their sponsorship of all the major celebrities and sport stars Normalized.
With this being a major factor, society identifies who we are by what we own and consume. Unlike fifty years ago we now have adopted the need to buy a Med variety of products that has become more of a leisure rather than a necessity, and now Witt online purchasing and telemarketing you can purchase products tot any nature without having to leave the comfort of your own home (Macaroni,J, Plummet, K, 2012 peg 526-527). Rhea consequence that society faces is the exploitation of low income countries, where Omen and children are being subjected to minimal wages and long hours of labor Nations, J, Plummet, K, peg 525).
Another major impact of consumption in today’s modern world is inequality. According to Blend (peg 527), the three main factors that point towards consumption inequality are money (not everyone has the capability of affording the new goods available), transport (unable to venture into shopping malls) therefore purchasing at local stores and paying higher premiums which then leads to sees choices and finally, consumers that lack the skill and knowledge of bargains and the use of technology, are the ones that are faced with exclusion (Macaroni,J, Plummet, K, 2012 peg 528).
Methods and Findings or enhance my knowledge and further construct the material needed to show the impact of industrialization and consumption, I interviewed a close friend of the family named Michelle. Michelle is a theatre nurse of thirty years and grew up in Sydney NEWS; she is in her fifty and currently works for Queensland Health. Michelle recalls growing up with her adoptive parents and two brothers, and basically remembers vying a very simple life. She grew up where money was tight and remembering that the finer things in life were a rare commodity.
It was due to this that Michelle chose to study and better her life hence her position as a high paid theatre nurse.
In the interview which was conducted in the privacy of her own home, the main focus of the interview was the impact of industrialization and consumption in the nursing industry, the challenges she has faced with modern technology, the working conditions opposed to thirty years ago and how she feels consumption has affected err in her workplace and home life, are Just a few examples of what was discussed in the interview.
The interview was recorded on a digital recorder and consent was given for the interview to be carried out (Serrate 2012). Analysis and Discussion After analyzing the impacts of industrialization and consumption and interviewing Michelle, industrialization has had a tremendous impact in the sense that technology has grown dramatically and plays a positive role as well as a negative one. For example thirty years ago the analysis of a patient was done manually by observation ND handling, where as now everything like blood pressure and taking someone’s temperature is done with machines.
The downside to this is that nurses nowadays are not made to do it the way it was done thirty years ago and lack that knowledge and close interaction, that if technology were to crash they could face horrible situations. My findings Witt consumption were that the medical profession tact the challenge tot obesity in patients due to fast foods.
Thirty years ago as opposed to now Michelle has stated that patients are experiencing more medical conditions such as diabetes heart and lung disease Just to name a few.
The consumption of fast foods is a lot more prominent now than it was thirty years ago. As for her personal experience, shift Nor has made it difficult to shop normally, shopping and consuming products online IS the way modern society now do things, where as thirty years ago it was difficult to consume this way as they didn’t have the luxury of shopping online. The impact society has experienced is that shopping is much easier and more accessible which has reduced the burden of consuming.
Owning big brands as mentioned earlier such as Nikkei was something Michelle had never experienced, as it was unaffordable and unusual, where as thirty years later children are looked at as uncoil if they don’t own at least one pair, and society feel that they need to have it.
Conclusion Modern society is faced with a large amount of change, ranging from technology to consumption and industrialization, the question is what impact has it had on today’s society? From the analysis, research and interview conducted by me, I have found the impact of industrialization and consumption to have changed modern society in a dramatic way.
I have found the changes to have been positive in certain areas and negative in others. He positives of industrialization seem to outweigh the negatives. Major changes that industrialization has brought to the modern world is technology. It seems that Introit technology it would be extremely difficult to run things the way they run today.
The workforce has had significant changes with the implementation of government policies. Negatives that we face with industrialization are decision making made by the employees is non-existent and the employers have gained more control over their employees.
In addition to industrialization, consumption too has positives and negatives. Society as gone from a world of productivity to a world of consuming. Consumption these days tends to portray ones identity.
I have learnt that although in history shopping involved going out to the local markets/shops and spending time purchasing and interacting with others was a good thing because of social factors, nowadays it is normal to shop from the comfort of your own home. This in itself proves to be a positive outcome leaving more free time for one self. The negative aspect would be the social factor (not having to socialist with others). He interview I conducted went extremely well and I gained a vast amount knowledge didn’t really given much thought on before. I was oblivious to the change in the machinery used hospitals, until interviewing my interviewee.
Thinking back and releasing now it is so true. If there is something that I would do differently it would be to research in more detail the machinery used in hospitals back then compared to now. I also would have gone into more depth with my interviewee regarding consumables thirty years ago in comparison the now. In conclusion do you feel industrialization and consumption have impacted modern society?
