Nursing Study Guide
Suggested Approach * Read module narratives * Complete required reading * Review participation questions * Review power points Module 1 History and Trends Purpose: Prevent epidemics/disease spread, protect against envir. Hazards, prevent injury, promote healthy behavior/mental health, respond to community disaster, assure access to quality service. In Maryland theCommunity Health Resource Commission provides grant funding to health departments and safety net providers who seek to provide improved access to primary care services.
Community Health Resource Commission provides grant funding to health departments and safety net providers who seek to provide improved access to primary care services 1. Accomplishments of some historical PHNs and Public Health leaders, See list in module one.
? Lillian Wald- founder of public health nursing , founded the Henry Street Settlement with her classmate and business partner Mary Brewster in 1893. The service began as a health promotion effort, teaching methods to prevent infectious disease, sanitation and nutrition to a group of poor immigrants ?
Florence Nightingale- changed the image of nursing after the Crimean War when she reduced mortality from 77% to 2%. Nightingale also played a significant role in establishing district nursing ? Mary Brewster- acute and long term care for the sick and health promotion and disease prevention ? Lina Rogers Clara Barton- Founded red cross Ada Mayo Stewart- Occupational Health Leader Pearl Mciver- 1st nurse employed by USPHS Loretta Ford Rear Admiral Carol Romano Ruth Freeman- PH nurse, educator, and leader 2. What are the Core Functions of Public Health? * Assessment: systematic data collection on the population, monitoring he population’s health status, and making information available about the health of the community.
* Policy Development: efforts to develop policies that support the health of the population, including a scientific knowledge base to make policy decisions. * Assurance: making sure essential community- oriented health services are available. These services might include providing essential personal health services for those who would otherwise not receive them. Also includes making sure that a competent public health and personal care workforce is available. 3.
What are the Ten Essential Services? Develop Policies, Inform/Educate, Mobilize community, enforce laws, link people, evaluate effectiveness, assure a competent workforce, research, diagnose& investigate, monitor health status 4. Match the essentials with the core functions (try to do 2 for each core function). 5. 10 Great Achievements of Public Health. Familiarize self. Be able to address a few.
Visiting Nurses-1813, District Nursing(Nightengale, 1859), Public Health Nursing (Lillian Wald, 1893) 6. Affordable Care Act; what are some of the important changes? Identify. . What is coverage gap or “donut hole” Medicare? Offering Medicaid services to everyone under age 65 whose income is 133% of the Federal Poverty Level (FPL) or below 8. Review of the important Federal Agencies and their health related responsibilities. US Department of Health and Human Services- primary federal health-related responsibilities CDC- Centers of Disease Control and Prevention HRSA- Health Resources and Services Administration Office of Public Health and Science- Governed by surgeon general (12 AGENCIES) USPHSS- US Public Health Service Commissioned Corps
National Health Service Corps assigns health personnel to medically underserved areas Indian Health Service (IHS) NACCHO- Nation Association of City and County Health Officials- promote recognition of the critical work of local health departments in health promotion, disease prevention and protecting communities Federally Qualified Health Centers: Define and describe.
Can you list a few? E. g. Healthcare for the Homeless Children’s Health Insurance Program CHIP provides health care coverage for pregnant women and children who would otherwise not be eligible for Medicaid.
CHIP and Medicaid are funded through state and federal matching funds Chip eligibility: what is it and what are the eligibility requirements? Access link below http://www. medicaid. gov/Medicaid-CHIP-Program-Information/By-Topics/Childrens-Health-Insurance-Program-CHIP/Childrens-Health-Insurance-Program-CHIP.
html Types of services provided at the Federal, State and Local levels: Direct Services Indirect Services Direct/Indirect Module 2 Roles and Settings Community Health Nurse/ Public Health Nurse What is public health? What is public health nursing? Tenets of Public Health Nursing
Discuss contradictions of our existing public health strategies. Quad Council Module 3 Community Assessment What are health indicators? What are Healthy People 2020 leading health indicators? National Prevention Strategy Community Assessment Frameworks/Models Anderson community as Partner Framework Define community Critical components of community Community as client Indices of healthy communities? Identify types of communities? How are communities defined? How are groups and aggregates considered as different types of populations? What are different types of community boundaries?
What are goals of communities? What are frameworks for assessing communities? What are factors to consider in assessing the health of communities? Module 4 Epidemiology What is Epidemiology? What might account for variations in disease patterns over time? Definitions of key Epidemiologic terms. What is the Natural History of Disease? ? what types of interventions are appropriate at the various stages of this epidemiologic model? ? Try to describe a concrete problem e. g. , measles or any disease of your choosing.
Run it through the model. Discuss: ?Epidemiologic Triangle ?Web of Causation
Do these models describe definitive causes? ? what is epidemiology? ? what statistical measures are used in epidemiology? ? How are data used in determining the health of a community? ? What is known from epidemiologic data about the overall health of the American population? How does the diagnosis of the health status of a population differ from an assessment of a family or an individual? ?How are epidemiologic concepts and/or methods, such as incidence and prevalence or knowledge of the natural history of a disease, used in assessing health, planning programs, and evaluating the quality of health care delivery?
Infant Mortality Rate: Calculate, importance of? Incidence and Prevalence Rates Incidence = Number of new cases of the disease that occur during a given time period X 100,000 Total number of people in the population during the same time period Prevalence = Number of cases of the disease existing at a given point in time x 100,000 Total number of persons in the population at that time
Module 5 Home Visiting/Family Assessment Phases of Home Visit: Activities within each phase. Nurse Family Partnerships? David Olds Effects of Nurse Visitation on Maternal Life Course and Child Development as discussed in article: What are some of the salient effects? Be able to discuss. http://pediatrics. aappublications.
org/content/114/6/1550. full. pdf+html Home Visiting Exemplars: Can you describe two of them? http://www. acy. org/upimages/Home_Visiting. pdf Nurse-Family Partnership web site.
The Leading Health Indicators are a set of high-priority public health issues in the United States and are intended to help everyone more easily understand how healthy we are as a Nation and which are the most important changes we can make to improve our own health as well as the health of our families and communities. Healthy People 2020 Leading Health Indicators are: Access to Health Services Clinical Preventive Services Environmental Quality Injury and Violence Maternal, Infant, and Child Health Mental Health Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity Oral Health Reproductive and Sexual Health Social Determinants Substance Abuse
Tobacco Use What Is Healthy People 2020? Healthy People 2020 is a comprehensive set of disease prevention and health promotion objectives for the Nation to achieve over the first decade of the new century. Created by scientists both inside and outside of Government, it identifies a wide range of public health priorities and specific, measurable objectives. Overarching Goals: Attain high quality longer lives free of preventable disease Health equity, eliminate health disparities Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all. Promote quality of life, healthy development and healthy behaviors across all life stages.
